1 2 Adams, Ian (2001). Political Ideology Today (bằng tiếng Anh). Manchester University Press. tr. 32. ISBN0719060206. Ideologically, all US parties are liberal and always have been. Essentially they espouse classical liberalism, that is a form of democratized Whig constitutionalism plus the free market. The point of difference comes with the influence of social liberalism. Bảo trì CS1: Ngôn ngữ không rõ (link)
↑ Hugo Helco, in The Great Society and the High Tide of Liberalism, "In (the 1970s) the American government began telling Americans what they could and could not do with regard to abortions, capital punishment, and bilingual education. The 1970s also brought new and more sweeping national regulations to deal with environmental challenges, consumer protection, workplace safety, gender discrimination, the rights of those with disabilities, and political spending.", p. 58, Sidney M. Milkis & Jerome M. Mileur, editors, University of Massachusetts Press, 2005, ISBN 978-1-55849-493-0
↑ The Center for American Progress, "The Progressive Intellectual Tradition in America," "
↑ "Fact Finders" by Jonathan Chait, The New Republic, ngày 22 tháng 2 năm 2005
↑ Barack Obama, The Audacity of Hope, Three Rivers Press, 2006, ISBN 978-0-307-23770-5. "I believe in evolution, scientific inquiry, and global warming; I believe in free speech, whether politically correct or politically incorrect, and I am suspicious of using government to impose anybody's religious beliefs – including my own – on nonbelievers."
↑ Sidney Fine, "Richard T. Ely, Forerunner of Progressivism, 1880–1901", Mississippi Valley Historical Review. (1951) 37#4 in JSTOR
↑ Henry Steele, Commager, ed. Lester Ward and the Welfare State (1967)
↑ Ronald C. White, Jr. and C. Howard Hopkins, The Social Gospel. Religion and Reform in Changing America (1975).
↑ Randall B. Woods, LBJ: Architect of American Ambition (2006) pp 27, 465-66, 486
↑ Robert B. Westbrook, John Dewey and American Democracy (1991)
↑ Joyce E. Williams and Vicky M. MacLean. "In search of the kingdom: The social gospel, settlement sociology, and the science of reform in America's progressive era." Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences (2012) 48#4 pp: 339–362.
↑ Doug Rossinow, Visions of Progress: The Left-Liberal Tradition in America (2008); on the purge see pp 188–92
↑ Wilfred McClay, Croly's progressive America (1998)
↑ Richard Hofstadter, "Parrington and the Jeffersonian Tradition," Journal of the History of Ideas (1941) 2#4 pp. 391–400 in JSTOR
↑ Ruth O'Brien, Workers' Paradox: The Republican Origins of New Deal Labor Policy, 1886–1935 (1998) p 15
↑ Robert Johnson, The peace progressives and American foreign relations (1995)
↑ Kristoffer Smemo, "A “New Dealized” Grand Old Party: Labor and the Emergence of Liberal Republicanism in Minneapolis, 1937–1939." Labor: Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas (2014) 11#2 pp: 35-59.
↑ Kristoffer Smemo, "The Little People's Century: Industrial Pluralism, Economic Development, and the Emergence of Liberal Republicanism in California, 1942–1946." Journal of American History (2015) 101#4 pp: 1166-1189.
↑ Nicol C. Rae, The Decline and Fall of the Liberal Republicans: From 1952 to the Present (1989)
↑ Richard Norton Smith, On His Own Terms: A Life of Nelson Rockefeller (2014)
↑ Harvard Sitkoff, ed. Fifty Years Later: The New Deal Evaluated (1985), a favorable liberal interpretation
↑ Alonzo Hamby, For the Survival of Democracy: Franklin Roosevelt and the World Crisis of the 1930s (2004)
↑ Townsend Hoopes and Douglas Brinkley, FDR and the creation of the UN (1997)
↑ Ira Katznelson, Kim Geiger and Daniel Kryder. "Limiting Liberalism: The Southern Veto in Congress, 1933-1950," Political Science Quarterly Vol. 108, No. 2 (Summer, 1993), pp. 283-306 in JSTOR
↑ Alonzo L. Hamby, "The Vital Center, the Fair Deal, and the Quest for a Liberal Political Economy", American Historical Review, June 1972, Vol. 77 Issue 3, pp 653–78 online at JSTOR
↑ Barton J. Bernstein, "America In War and Peace: The Test of Liberalism" in Bernstein, ed., Towards A New Past: Dissenting Essays in American History (1969), 289–291
↑ Douglas T. Miller and Marion Nowak, The fifties: the way we really were (1977) p 238
↑ Kent M. Beck, "What was Liberalism in the 1950s?" Political Science Quarterly Vol. 102, No. 2 (Summer, 1987), pp. 233–258 in JSTOR
↑ Robert Dallek, Lyndon B. Johnson: Portrait of a President (2004)
↑ Irving Bernstein, Guns or Butter: The Presidency of Lyndon Johnson (1994)
↑ David Edwin Harrell, Jr., Edwin S. Gaustad, John B. Boles, Sally Foreman Griffith, Randall M. Miller, Randall B. Woods, Unto a Good Land: A History of the American People (2005) pp. 1052–53
↑ Samuel P. Hays, A History of Environmental Politics since 1945 (2000)
↑ Hays, Beauty, Health and Performance (1987) pp 287–328
↑ Robert Gottlieb, Forcing the Spring: The Transformation of the American Environmental Movement (2nd ed. 2005)
↑ Woodhouse, Keith M. (2008). “The Politics of Ecology: Environmentalism and Liberalism in the 1960s”. Journal for the Study of Radicalism 2 (2): 53–84. doi:10.1353/jsr.0.0008.
↑ Larry Sabato and Howard R. Ernst, eds. Encyclopedia of American political parties and elections (2006) pp 1667-7
↑ Sean Wilentz, The Age of Reagan: A History 1974-2008 (2008) p 125
↑ Joseph R. Conlin, The American Past: A Survey of American History (2008) ch. 50
↑ Stanley, Timothy Randolph, "'Sailing against the Wind': A Reappraisal of Edward Kennedy's Campaign for the 1980 Democratic Party Presidential Nomination," Journal of American Studies, Aug 2009, Vol. 43 Issue 2, pp 231-253
↑ Richard M. Abrams, America Transformed: Sixty Years of Revolutionary Change, 1941–2001 (2006), esp. pp ix and 125
↑ Bobbio, Norberto; Cameron, Allan.Left and right: the significance of a political distinction. University of Chicago Press, 1997. ISBN 0-226-06245-7, ISBN 978-0-226-06245-7. p. 8.
↑ Jane Lewis, Rebecca Surender. Welfare State Change: Towards a Third Way?. Oxford University Press, 2004. Pp. 3–4, 16.
↑ Jane Lewis, Rebecca Surender. Welfare State Change: Towards a Third Way?. Oxford University Press, 2004. p. 4.
↑ Pauline Vaillancourt Rosenau. The competition paradigm: America's romance with conflict, contest, and commerce. Lanham, Maryland, USA; Oxford, England, UK: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc, 2003. Pp. 209.
↑ The Survivor: Bill Clinton in the White House, John F Harris, Random House, 2005
↑ Regime change, an ngày 23 tháng 11 năm 2003 article by Christopher Shea
↑ Posner, Richard (ngày 17 tháng 7 năm 2011). “The Federal Deficit Mess”. The Becker-Posner Blog. Truy cập ngày 22 tháng 7 năm 2011. Obama resembles such Presidents as Nixon and Clinton in the following respect. They are what the political scientist Stephen Skowronek calls practitioners of Third Way politics (Tony Blair was another), who undermine the opposition by borrowing policies from it in an effort to seize the middle and with it to achieve political dominance. Think of Nixon's economic policies, which were a continuation of Johnson's "Great Society"; Clinton's welfare reform and support of capital punishment; and Obama's pragmatic centrism, reflected in his embrace, albeit very recent, of entitlements reform.
↑ Sidney Blumenthal, The Clinton Wars, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003
